Colonoscopy: Detecting Colon Problems Early

Colonoscopy is a procedure that allows doctors to examine the inner lining of your large intestine (colon and rectum). It plays a vital role in detecting colorectal cancer early and identifying other digestive issues such as ulcers, inflammation, or polyps.

Who Should Get It?

• Individuals over 45 as part of routine cancer screening

• Those with a family history of colon cancer

• People experiencing rectal bleeding, prolonged abdominal discomfort, or changes in bowel habits

  
  

How It’s Performed

Before the procedure, you’ll follow a bowel prep routine that cleans out your colon—typically involving laxatives and a liquid diet. During the procedure:

• You’ll be sedated for comfort

• A long, flexible tube with a camera (colonoscope) is inserted through the rectum

• The doctor examines the colon and may remove polyps or take tissue samples

  
  

What Happens After

You’ll rest until the sedative wears off and may experience mild gas or bloating. Results are usually discussed within a few days. If polyps were removed, they are sent for biopsy.

A Preventive Procedure

Colonoscopy is not only diagnostic but preventive. Removing precancerous polyps significantly lowers cancer risk.